With the use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and portable electronic devices by the majority of users, how to improve their functional performance has become the focus of the research object of researchers. Graphene is widely considered valuable as an innovative carbon-based material because of its excellent conductivity, high surface area ratio and significant mechanical endurance, and it has been gradually selected as the preferred material for lithium-ion batteries in terms of positive and negative electrodes. This research paper summarizes the latest research trend of graphene in the positive and negative electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, and further deepens the exploration of its production method, optimization measures and its impact on battery performance. With the addition of graphene, lithium-ion batteries are significantly enhanced in their energy density, cycle stability, and the speed of charging and discharging. Although graphene’s basic materials are practical, we still have to face various practical challenges, such as reducing costs and performing mass production. This study estimates the huge potential of graphene in the lithium-ion battery industry and highlights its profound impact on improving battery performance.
