Over a thousand individuals were hurt when a celestial body fell near Chelyabinsk, Russia, in 2013. Asteroids will inevitably strike Earth, causing unimaginable harm, according to historical experience and evidence from astronomical observations. One of the main purposes of monitoring and warning of asteroids is to protect the Earth from the harm of asteroid impacts. There is very little information available on Asteroids monitoring, despite its significance. Planetary exploration and discovery are receiving far more attention than the limited amount of study on monitoring near-Earth planets. Several space-based optical monitoring investigations were included in this small body of monitoring research. This paper talks about the perspectives of ground-based and space-based instruments, optical observations, and radar micro-observations, the working principles, advantages, and disadvantages of different monitoring instruments are compared, and the development prospects and significance of this research are explained. The study found that the current instruments are of a single type and have many limitations in monitoring the orbits of near-Earth asteroids. Therefore, this article believes that it is meaningful to develop coordinated observations between the sky and the earth, combining the advantages of different types of monitoring instruments and improving the monitoring system of near-Earth asteroids to protect the Earth from the harm of asteroid impacts.
