Engineered Bacterial Cells & Gut Microbiota for The Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the fastest-growing metabolic diseases in the world. In 2021, about 482.94 billion individuals were diagnosed with T2D, with a 10.5 % diabetes prevalence. In 2045, it is projected to have 704.9 million individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Many clinical studies have found metabolic disorders and chronic inflammatory states in patients with type 2 diabetes, accompanied by intestinal microbiome disturbances. Gut microbiota plays an essential role in metabolism and immune regulation. Therefore, gut microbiota can be a new target for creating treatments and therapies for type 2 diabetes and related diseases. In this review, we will highlight the glucagon-like peptide-1 treatment, the Humulin treatment, and how a healthy lifestyle can control T2D.