Literature Review on Sleep Disorder Research

Abstract

Sleep disorder has become a key global public health challenge, and its high prevalence rate (for example, among middle-aged and elderly people, insomnia is 17.3% and OSAHS is over 30%) seriously affects physical and mental health and leads to huge social and economic costs. This review focuses on the classification of sleep disorders (based on ICSD-3), physiological and psychological injury mechanisms, multi-level pathogenic factors (physiology, social environment and behavior) and comprehensive intervention strategies (precision medicine, cognitive behavioral therapy, environmental optimization and public policy). The key problems to be solved include the complex interaction between sleep disorders and chronic diseases, the vulnerability differences among different populations, and the effectiveness of interdisciplinary intervention. The conclusion of this review is that research on sleep disorders requires strengthened interdisciplinary collaboration, and future efforts need to solve the long-term cost-benefit gap between cross-cultural research and intervention measures in order to advance global sleep health governance.