Diabetes and obesity are major global health concerns, often leading to serious complications such as heart disease and premature death. Recent progress in treatment has underscored the effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists, like semaglutide, in improving blood sugar levels and aiding weight loss. Semaglutide has demonstrated significant benefits in managing both T2DM and obesity. However, its long-term safety remains largely unexamined. This study aimed to assess the safety profile of semaglutide, focusing on common side effects like gastrointestinal issues, gallbladder disease, and the potential risk of pancreatitis. It also examined how factors such as varying dosages, methods of administration, and patient characteristics influenced these side effects. The results showed that semaglutide was generally well tolerated, though gastrointestinal side effects were dose-related, and rare complications like pancreatitis require further investigation. While the study provides valuable insights for future research, more long-term data is necessary, particularly for patients with multiple health conditions. Future studies should prioritize these groups and investigate the mechanisms behind rare but serious side effects.
