This article discusses the detailed effects of probiotics and the potential uses in curing diseases. Research shows that certain living organisms can bring about the following benefits for man; they help maintain the ratio of the good bacteria in the intestines, improve the immune system, reduce allergic reactions, aid intestinal movement and digestion. On the other hand, probiotics may also help to modulate emotions, cognition, and stress by influencing the communication between the gut-brain axis and neurotransmitter. Furthermore, the identified probiotic metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids, are involved in metabolic processes within the intestine and other organs. Probiotics also have some anti-cancer, anti-disease and anti-inflammatory effects, and can suppress pathogens and inflammation by affecting immune cells. This article also discusses the link between probiotics in the intestinal and nervous system diseases and chronic diseases and their roles in future medical science and clinical practice. Most of the current research work is done on probiotics is done in vitro and animal studies and future clinical study has to be undertaken to ascertain their mechanisms and effectiveness in human beings.
