Digital technologies have a wide range of significance and far-reaching application potential in modern dentistry. They have become one of the key drivers of progress in dentistry. With the rapid development of computer technology, imaging technology and artificial intelligence, digital tools are completely reshaping the way dentistry is practiced. These tools not only improve the early diagnosis rate and diagnostic accuracy of various dental diseases, but also help dentists to tailor personalized treatment plans for different patients, which improves treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction. This article reviews the status of various digital technologies in the diagnosis and medical treatment of periodontal diseases, focusing on the specific applications of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), three-dimensional printing technology, and the artificial intelligence technology. Meanwhile, a reasonable prediction and outlook of the future development trend and application prospects of these digital tools are provided at the end of the article.