Oral leukoplakia, also known as oral mucosal leukoplakia or oral leukoplakia, is a common oral disease characterized by patchy lesions of white or grayish white keratinization on the oral mucosa, it is recognized by the World Health Organization (WTO) as a precancerous oral mucosal disease, which has significant implications for its treatment. Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser refers to a laser that uses carbon dioxide gas as the working medium and has been widely used in oral mucosal diseases in recent decades, including oral leukoplakia. As an advanced medical technology, CO2 laser plays an important role in the field of medicine. This comprehensive review delves deeply into the intricate principles, multifaceted advantages and disadvantages, intricate operation methods, as well as the promising prospects of CO2 laser treatment for oral leukoplakia by meticulously examining and synthesizing relevant scientific literatures, to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive and scientifically sound guideline for the treatment of oral leukoplakia.
